Achievements of the United Nations Civil Assistance Command in Korea and Friction between the Republ | |
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Achievements of the United Nations Civil Assistance Command in Korea and Friction between the Republ | |
Author | Yang, Joonsoek |
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Source | Korean Journal of Military Affairs |
Year of publication | December, 2022 |
Keyword | The Korean WarUnited Nations Civil Assistance Command in Korea (UNCACK)United Nations Korean Reconstruction Agency (UNKRA)U.S. Aid to KoreaRefugees |
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This study analyzes the legacy of the United Nations Civil Service Commission in Korea (UNCACK) and the Republic of Korea¡¯s friction over the UNCACK¡¯s aid with the United States during the Korean War. In the early stages of the war the UNCACK was in charge of a variety of aid activities, including transporting refugees, providing food and medical supplies to war victims, and farmers¡¯ returning from Seoul to work to meet food shortages, that served well the needs of Korean people. In the middle of the war, the UNCACK then began rebuilding houses for refugees and from 1952 it also provided financial and other forms of necessary support for returning of the government from Busan, where a wartime provisional capital was established, back to Seoul. When the ROK government only played a limited role in relief activities during the War, the UNCACK made efforts to establish the minimum conditions to enure war victims¡¯ survival. However, there was a conflict between the ROK and the U.S. over every aspect of the UNCACK¡¯s aid activities. At the surface level there was a big difference between the ROK and the U.S. over the estimate of rice production which was used as a basis for the UNCACKs food supplies and there was also a complaint from the U.S. about the ROK government¡¯s inefficiency of aid activities. At the deeper level, however, the friction between the two countries was caused by their different goals. Whereas the ROK government sought for the country¡¯s rebuilding by using all available resources, the U.S. government¡¯s interest lay in promoting Korea¡¯s financial stability considering its relationship to other east Asian countries. |